| Year |
Barfield's Life |
World/Cultural Events |
| 1898 |
—Born in Muswell Hill, a suburb
of London, of Arthur and Elizabeth Barfield |
Spanish-American War begins,
Bismarck, Gladstone, Lewis Carroll, Stéphane Mallarme die, Bertolt
Brecht, Paul Robeson, Ernest Hemingway born, Curies discover radium,
Paris métro opened
Gladstone |
Carroll |
Hemingway |
|
| 1899 |
[1] |
Noel Coward, Federico
Garcia Lorca born, Wilde’s The Importance of Being Earnest
produced,
Dewey’s School and Society published, Johann Strauss dies, first
magnetic recording of sound
Garcia Lorca |
Wilde |
Strauss |
|
| 1900 |
[2] |
Australia founded,
McKinley reelected, Conrad’s
Lord Jim, Dreiser’s Sister Carrie,
Freud’s The Interpretation of Dreams published, Stephen Crane, John
Ruskin, Oscar Wilde, Nietzsche die, Thomas Wolfe, Aaron Copeland, Kurt
Weill born, first film by Méliés, quantum theory formulated
|
| 1901 |
[3] |
Boxer uprising
in China ends, Mann’s Buddenbrooks,
Frank Norris’ The Octopus
published,
Rudolf Steiner founds Anthroposophy, Walt Disney, Enrico Fermi born, Toulouse-Lautrec,
Verdi die, Picasso’s "Blue Period" begins, first ragtime jazz in U.S.,
U.S. Steel founded
|
| 1902 |
[4] |
U.S. acquires control
of Panama Canal, Cecil Rhodes dies, Gide’s The Immortalist,
James’
The
Varieties of Religious Experience published, Steinbeck born, Emile
Zola dies, first recording by Caruso
|
| 1903 |
[5] |
Evelyn Waugh born,
James’ The Ambassadors
published, Whistler, Gauguin, Pissarro die,
film The Great Train Robbery released, Wright brothers’ first successful
flight, first baseball World Series
Gauguin |
H. James |
Orville Wright |
|
| 1904 |
[6] |
Russo-Japanese
war begins, Theodore Roosevelt elected President, Graham Greene, Salvador
Dali born, Chekhov, Dvorak die, Freud’s The Psychopathology of Everyday
Life, Weber’s The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism
published,
woman arrested in NY for smoking in public
|
| 1905 |
[7] |
First Futurist
manifesto, Sir Michael Tippett born, Einstein formulates Special Theory
of Relativity, Jules Verne dies.
|
| 1906 |
[8] |
Ibsen, Cezanne
die, Sinclair’s The Jungle
published, Shaw’s Man and Superman
opens
in NY, Greta Garbo born, Amundsen discovers North Pole, population of New
York: 4 million
|
| 1907 |
[9] |
Oklahoma becomes
state, Rasputin gains influence over Czar Nicholas II, Kipling wins Nobel
Prize for Lit., W. H. Auden born, Mendeleyev dies, Strindberg’s The
Ghost Sonata produced, Bergson’s
Creative Evolution published,
Picasso’s "Demoiselles d’Avignon," first Ziegfeld follies, Pavlov’s discoveries
concerning conditioned reflexes, Boy Scouts founded, first comic strip
("Mr. Mutt")
|
| 1908 |
[10] |
South Africa established,
Taft elected President, Lyndon Johnson, Simone de Beauvoir born, Forster’s
A
Room With a View
published, "Ashcan School" of painting established,
Rimsky-Korsakov, Grover Cleveland die, General Motors formed, first Model
"T" produced
|
| 1909 |
[11] |
Stephen Spender
born, first D. W. Griffith film with Mary Pickford, Mahler’s Symphony
No. 9, Diaghilev’s "Ballet Russe" performs for the first time,
cure for syphilis found, Peary reaches the North pole; Selfridges opens
in London
|
| 1910 |
[12] |
Edward VII succeeded
by George V, Japan annexes Korea, Mark Twain, Tolstoi, Mary Baker Eddy,
William James, Henri Rousseau, Florence Nightingale, Winslow Homer die,
"Post-Impressionist" exhibit in Paris, Stravinsky’s The Firebird performed,
Halley’s comet appears
Twain |
Nightingale |
Tolstoi |
|
| 1911 |
[13] |
Mexican Civil War
ends, Sun Yat-sen elected President of new Chinese Republic, W. S. Gilbert,
Wilhelm Dilthey, Gustave Mahler die, Braque paints "Man With the Blue Guitar,"
Maurice Maeterlinck wins Nobel Prize for Lit., Hans Vaihinger publishes
The
Philosophy of As If, Amundsen reaches South Pole, Rutherford formulates
theory of atomic structure
Dilthey |
Maeterlinck |
Vaihinger |
|
| 1912 |
[14] |
Arizona and New
Mexico becomes US states, Woodrow Wilson elected President, August Strindberg
dies, Eugen Ionesco born, Poetry: A Magazine of Verse founded, Synge’s
Playboy
of the Western World produced, Jung publishes The Theory of Psychoanalysis;
movie
attendance reaches approx. 5,000,000 daily in US,
Wilson’s cloud-chamber leads to detection of protons and electrons, "Piltdown
Man" found (later proved to be a hoax), Woolworth company founded
Strindberg |
Harriet Monroe,
founder of Poetry |
Synge |
|
| 1913 |
[15] |
US federal income
tax introduced (16th amendment), Mahatma Gandhi arrested for first
time, Richard Nixon, Camus born, Tagore wins Nobel Prize for literature,
Lawrence’s Sons and Lovers,
Proust’s
Remembrance of Things Past
(first
volume) published,
Whitehead and Russell’s
Principia Mathematica
completed,
Goetheanum (headquarters for Anthroposophy) founded in Dornach, Switzerland,
"Armory Show" introduces postimpressionism and cubism to New York; Stravinsky’s
Rite
of Spring
performed in Paris; Geiger counter invented, zippers first
become popular
Tagore |
Russell |
Whitehead |
Stravinsky |
|
|
|
| 1914 |
[16] |
Archduke Ferdinand
assassinated; World War I begins, Georg Trakl dies, Joyce publishes Dubliners,
Tennessee
Williams born, Goddard begins rocketry experiments, Panama Canal opens
Archduke Ferdinand |
Trakl |
Goddard |
|
| 1915 |
[17] |
World War I intensifies,
Lawrence’s issues
The Rainbow, Masters’ A Spoon River Anthology
published,
Arthur Miller, Saul Bellow born, Griffith’s Birth of Nation released,
Scriabin dies, Einstein postulates General Theory of Relativity, first
transcontinental telephone call, Ford produces one million cars
|
| 1916 |
[18] |
World War I continues,
Joyce’s Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, Edwin Arlington Robinson’s
The
Man Against the Sky published, Henry James, Rasputin, Thomas Eakins
die, Dadaist cult in Zurich, Griffith’s Intolerance released, Yehudi
Menuhin born, Woodrow Wilson reelected President, Louis Brandeis joins
Supreme Court
|
| 1917 |
[19] |
World War I continues,
US joins fighting, John Fitzgerald Kennedy born; Mata Hari executed, Sarah
Bernhardt begins last tour, Rodin, Buffalo Bill Cody die, Communist revolution
in Russia
|
| 1918 |
[20]
—Commissioned 2nd
Lieutenant, Royal Engineers trainee
|
World War I comes
to an end, Edmund Rostand, Wilfred Owen, Henry Adams, Claude Debussy die,
Charles Horton Cooley’s
Social Progress, Oswald Spengler’s The
Decline of the West (first volume) published, first painting
by Joan Miró, The Education of Henry Adams wins Pulitzer
Prize
|
